MALLA DYNASTY

The Malla dynasty ruled the Kathmandu Valley from the 13th to the 18th century, with the valley eventually divided into the kingdoms of Kathmandu (Kantipur), Bhaktapur (Bhadgaon), and Lalitpur (Patan). The dynasty’s decline culminated in 1769 when Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha unified Nepal, ending the Malla rule.ECS NEPAL+3Wikipedia+3Encyclopedia of Nepali History+3

🏰 Unified Malla Period (1201–1482)

The Malla dynasty began with Ari Malla in 1201. His successor, Jayasthiti Malla (1382–1395), is considered the ancestor of all later Malla kings of the Kathmandu Valley. Upon Jayasthiti Malla’s death in 1395, his sons divided the valley into four kingdoms:Encyclopedia of Nepali History+4Wikipedia+4royalnepal.synthasite.com+4royalnepal.synthasite.com

• Kantipur (Kathmandu): Ratna Malla
• Bhaktapur: Raya Malla
• Lalitpur (Patan): Siddhi Narasimha Malla
• Banepa: Jayanandadevaroyalnepal.synthasite.com+3Wikipedia+3Wikipedia+3Wikipedia+1Wikipedia+1Wikipedia+3royalnepal.synthasite.com+3Wikipedia+3Wikipedia

This division marked the start of the fragmented Malla period.Wikipedia

🏯 Kings of Kantipur (Kathmandu)

The kings of Kantipur included:Wikipedia+3royalnepal.synthasite.com+3Wikipedia+3

• Ratna Malla (1482–1520): First independent king of Kantipur.
• Pratap Malla (1641–1674): Known for cultural and architectural achievements.
• Jaya Prakash Malla (1736–1746, 1750–1768): The last king of Kantipur before the Gorkha conquest.Wikipedia+2Wikipedia+2Wikipedia+2

🏰 Kings of Bhaktapur

Bhaktapur’s rulers included:

• Raya Malla (1482–1519): First independent king of Bhaktapur.
• Bhupatindra Malla (1696–1722): Notable for architectural contributions.
• Ranajit Malla (1722–1769): The last king of Bhaktapur.

🏯 Kings of Lalitpur (Patan)

Lalitpur’s rulers included:

• Siddhi Narasimha Malla (1620–1661): First independent king of Lalitpur.
• Rajya Prakash Malla (1745–1758): Notable ruler during the mid-18th century.
• Tej Narasimha Malla (1765–1768): The last king of Lalitpur.

🏁 End of the Malla Dynasty

The Malla dynasty ended in 1769 when Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha conquered the Kathmandu Valley, unifying Nepal under the Shah dynasty.Wikipedia

For a detailed list of Malla kings and their reigns, you can refer to the Wikipedia page on Malla kings of Nepal.